英语六级 2018 年 12 月第 1 套试卷分析

听力

做题技巧：
先圈出选项主干，尤其注意修饰成分，避免修饰成分与听力原文程度不一致。
听录音时注意信号词。如表示转折的 but，表示强调的 much often any 等。
听到选项主干后不要立刻选，修饰成分匹配后再确定答案。

听力第一篇

A) It can benefit professionals and non-professionals alike.
B) It lists the various challenges physicists arc confronting.
C) It describes how some mysteries of physics were solved.
D) It is one of the most fascinating physics books ever written.
难度: 难。
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: any。
解析:
who know little about science to the career physicist ==> professionals and non-professionals alike
A) Physicists’ contribution to humanity.
B) Stories about some ==female== physicists.
C) Historical evolution of modern physics.
D) Women’s changing attitudes to physics.
难度: 易。
题型: 视听一致。
信号词: I think。
解析:
anecdotes ==> story
A) By exposing a lot of myths in physics.
B) By describing her own life experiences.
C) By including lots of ==fascinating knowledge==.
D) By telling anecdotes about famous professors.
难度: 易。
题型: 视听一致。
信号词: 无。
A) It avoids detailing abstract concepts of physics.
B) It contains a lot of thought-provoking questions.
C) It demonstrates how they can become physicists.
D) It ==provides== ==experiments== they can do themselves.
难度: 易。
题型: 视听一致。
信号词: 无。
解析:
providing a … experiments ==> provides experiments
do-it-yourself ==> do themselves

听力第二篇

A) He is too busy to finish his assignment in time.
B) He does not know what kind of topic to write on.
C) He does not understand the professor’s instructions.
D) He has no idea how to proceed with his ==dissertation==.
难度: 易。
题型: 同义替换, 视听一致。
信号词: but。
解析:
go from there ==> proceed(v.进行)
A) It is too broad.
B) It is a bit outdated.
C) It is challenging.
D) It is interesting.
难度: 难。
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: much too, really。
解析:
need to narrow(v.变窄) it down ==> too broad(adj.宽的)
A) Biography.
B) ==Nature==.
C) Philosophy.
D) Beauty.
难度: 易。
题型: 视听一致。
信号词: really。
more interested in A than B 出现比较需要留意
A)Improve his cumulative grade.
B) Develop his reading ability.
C) Stick to the ==topic== ==assigned==.
D) List the parameters first.
难度: 易。
题型: 同义替换, 视听一致。
信号词: I’m afraid。
解析:
adhere to ==> stick to 坚持

听力第三篇

A) The unprecedented ==high temperature== in Greenland.
B) The collapse of ice on the northern tip of Greenland.
C) The unusual cold spell in the Arctic area in October.
D) The rapid change of Arctic temperature within a day.
难度: 易。
题型: 视听一致, 近似选项。
信号词: but。
解析:
篇章中无数次提到 temperature，可以确定 AD为近似选项。
注意原文中出现“reached”，有超出预期的意思，所以选 A。
A) It has created a totally new climate pattern.
B) It will pose a serious threat to many species.
C) It ==typically appears== about once every ten years.
D) It has puzzled the climate scientists for decades.
难度: 易。
题型: 视听一致, 近似选项。
信号词: typically。
解析:
CD 两个选项都有十年(ten years = decades)，故这两个选项是近似选项。
in a decade ==> ten years
A) Extinction of Arctic wildlife.
B) Iceless ==summers== in the Arctic.
C) Emigration of indigenous people.
D) Better understanding of ==ecosystems==.
难度: 难。
题型: 同义替换, 视听一致。
信号词: 转折 but。
解析:
D选项中的“Better understanding”没有在听力原文中出现
【经典】summers without ice ==> iceless summers

听力第四篇

这篇听力难度很大，每个题目都出现了同义替换的考点。
需要对听力原文有所理解。若直接选听到的关键词，很容易选错。

A) A good start.
B) A detailed ==plan==.
C) A strong determination.
D) A scientific approach.
难度: 难。
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: 强调 often, any。
解析:
听力原文首句。
a good dose(n.剂量) of willpower(n.意志力) ==> strong determination(n.决心)
stick to 黏住，坚持
原文说意志力必不可少，无论是坚持执行一项支出计划还是完成一部伟大的小说。B 选项中的 plan 属于干扰选项。
A) Most people get energized after a sufficient rest.
B) Most people tend to have a finite source of energy.
C) It is vital to take breaks between demanding mental tasks.
D) It is most important to have confidence in one’s willpower.
难度: 难
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: 强调 just simply have to, what matters most。
解析:
believe you have it ==> have confidence
A) They could keep on working longer.
B) They could do more ==challenging tasks==.
C) They found it easier to focus on work at hand.
D) They held more positive attitudes toward life.
难度: 难。
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: 转折 on the other hand。
解析:
keep going => keep on working longer
challenging tasks出现在听力中，但是原文本意说美国人在完成挑战性脑力任务后需要休息。
A) They are part of their nature.
B) They are subject to change.
C) They are related to culture.
D) They are beyond control.
难度: 难。
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: 转折 but。
解析:
changeable ==> subject to change

听力第五篇

A) About half of current jobs might be ==automated==.
B) The jobs of doctors and lawyers would be threatened.
C) The job market is becoming somewhat unpredictable.
D) Machine learning would prove disruptive by 2013.
难度: 易。
题型: 同义替换, 视听一致。
信号词: 强调 almost。
解析:
one in every two jobs ==> half of current jobs
A) They are widely applicable for massive open online courses.
B) They are now being used by numerous high school teachers.
C) They could read as many as 10, 000 essays in a single minute.
D) They could ==grade== ==high-school essays== just like ==human teachers==.
难度: 易。
题型: 视听一致。
信号词: 无
A) It needs instructions throughout the process.
B) It does poorly on frequent, high-volume tasks.
C) It has to rely on huge amounts of previous ==data==.
D) It is slow when it comes to ==tracking novel== things.
难度: 难。
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: 强调 need to。
解析:
这一题需要注意题干问“fundamental limitation”, 而 D 选项出现在原文该句之前。
large valumes of past data ==> huge amounts of previous data

听力第六篇

A) The engineering problems with solar power.
B) The generation of steam with the latest technology.
C) The importance of exploring new energy sources.
D) The ==theoretical== aspects of ==sustainable energy.==
难度: 易。
题型: 同义替换,。
信号词: 强调 so far, all。
A) Drive ==trains== with ==solar== energy.
B) Upgrade the city’s train facilities.
C) Build a new ==ten-kilometre== railway ==line==.
D) Cut down the city’s energy consumption
难度: 难。
题型: 同义替换, 视听一致。
信号词: 疑问句。
解析:
C选项是说火车跑在一个十公里长的铁路上，没说“build”
drive train ==> run train
solar power ==> solar energy
A) Build a tank for keeping calcium oxide.
B) Find a new ==material== for ==storing energy==.
C) Recover super-heated steam.
D) Collect carbon dioxide gas.
难度: 易。
题型: 视听一致。
信号词: 转折 another。

听力第七篇

A) The lack of supervision by both the national and local governments.
B) The impact of the current economic crisis at home and abroad.
C) The poor management of day centres and home help services.
D) The ==poor relation== ==between national health and social care services==.
难度: 易。
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: 数词 second。
A) It was mainly ==provided by== ==voluntary services==.
B) It mainly caters to the needs of the privileged.
C) It called for a sufficient number of volunteers.
D) It has deteriorated over the past sixty years.
难度: 易。
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: 强调 substantially。
A) Their longer lifespans.
B) Fewer home helpers available.
C) Their ==preference== for ==private services==.
D) More of them suffering serious illnesses.
难度: 易。
题型: 同义替换。
信号词: 并列 meanwhile。
A) They are unable to pay for health services.
B) They have ==long== been ==discriminated against==.
C) They are ==vulnerable== to illnesses and diseases.
D) They have contributed a great deal to society.
难度: 易。
题型: 视听一致,。
信号词: 疑问句。

完型

选项

A) aggressive

B) chaos

C) configuration

D) declared

E) dedicated

F) dwells

G) extinction

H) fierce

I) hinders

J) mammal

K) monitoring

L) predators

M) remove

N) tempt

O) underlying

选项汉语解释

A) adj.好斗的, 有攻击性的

B) n.混沌, 混乱

C) n.构造, 形状, 外貌, 轮廓

D) adj. 公告的,公然的

E) adj. 专注的;献身的

F) v. 居住, 住

G) n. 熄灭,消灭,灭绝;废除

H) adj. 凶猛的；暴躁的；猛烈的

I) v.阻碍; 妨碍

J) n. 哺乳动物

K) n. 监视;控制;监测;追踪

L) n. 食肉动物；掠夺者；捕食者

M) v. n. 移动; 迁移

N) v. 引诱或怂恿(某人)干不正当的事

O) adj. 根本的, 基础的

段落匹配

阅读 A

What may ==farmers== be able to do with ==robots== appearing on the farming scene?
A) Upgrade farm produce.
B) Enjoy more leisure hours.
C) Modify the genes of crops.
D) Cut down farming costs.
难度: 易。
定位段落:
Perhaps it is time for ==farmers== to put their feet up now that ==robots== are used to inspect crops, dig up weeds, and even have become shepherds, too. Commercial growing fields are astronomically huge and take thousands of man-hours to operate.
解析:
put one‘s feet up 翘脚放松，休息
What will ‘==farmbots==‘ be expected to do?
A) Take up many of the farmers, routines.
B) Provide medical treatments for livestock.
C) Lead the trend in farming the world over.
D) Improve the quality of pastures for grazing.
难度: 易。
定位段落:
Robots are currently under a two-year trial in Wales which will train ‘==farmbots==’ to herd, monitor the health of livestock, and make sure there is enough pasture for them to graze on. The robots are equipped with many sensors to identify conditions of the environment, cattle and food, using thermal and vision sensors that detect changes in body temperature.
解析:
take up 开始从事, 占据
What can robots do when equipped with ==high-tech sensors== and ==complex learning algorithms==?
A) Help farmers choose the ==most efficient and safest passages==.
B) Help farmers simplify their farming tasks and management.
C) Allow farmers to learn instantly what is occurring on the farm.
D) Allow farmers to give them real-time instructions on what to do.
难度: 难。
定位段落:
Many robots are equipped with ==high-tech sensors== and ==complex learning algorithms== to avoid injuring humans as they work side by side. The robots also learn the ==most efficient and safest passages==, and allow engineers and farmers to analyze and better optimize the attributes and tasks of the robot, as well as provide a live stream giving real-time feedback on exactly what is happening on the farms.
解析:
A 选项针对的是机器人，而不是农民。 ★ 文中内容与选项部分内容一致，谨慎选择。
B 选项没有提及。
D 选项没有提及实时“real-time”
Why are ==farmers== pressing for robotic farming?
A) Farming costs are fast increasing.
B) Robotics technology is maturing.
C) Robotic fanning is the trend.
D) Labor shortage is worsening.
难度: 易。
定位段落:
Of course, some worry lies in replacing agricultural workers. However, it is ==farmers== that are pushing for the advancements due to ever-increasing labor vacancies, making it difficult to maintain large-scale operations.
解析:
labor vacancies 劳动力空缺
What does the author think ==future farms== will be like?
A) More and more ==automated==.
B) More and more productive.
C) Larger and larger in scale.
D) Better and better in condition.
难度: 易。
定位段落:
The robots have provided major benefits to farmers in various ways, from hunting and pulling weeds to monitoring the condition of every single fruit. ==Future farms== will likely experience a greater deal of ==autonomy== as robots take up more and more farm work efficiently
解析:

阅读 B

What does the example of ==climate change== serve to show?
A) The importance of climate data is increasingly recognized.
B) Adequate government funding is vital to scientific research.
C) Government regulation helps the public understand science.
D) Common folks’ scientific knowledge can sway policy making.
难度: 易。
定位段落:
The issue of ==climate change== also illustrates how the public acceptance and understanding of science (or the lack of it) can influence governmental decision-making with regard to regulation, science policy and research funding
解析:
influence governmental decision-making ==> sway policy making
What should ==non-scientists== do to ensure their ==quality of life==?
A) Seek personalized medical assistance from doctors.
B) Acquire a basic understanding of medical science.
C) Have their individual genome sequenced.
D) Make informed use of animal models.
难度: 易。
定位段落:
However, the importance of effective communication with a general audience is not limited to hot issues like climate change. It is also critical for socially charged neuroscience issues such as the genetic basis for a particular behavior, the therapeutic potential of stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases, or the use of animal models, areas where the public understanding of science can also influence policy and funding decisions. Furthermore, with continuing advances in individual genome (基因组) sequencing and the advent of personalized medicine, more ==non-scientists== will need to be comfortable analyzing complex scientific information to make decisions that directly affect their ==quality of life==.
Why is it important for ==scientists== to build a good ==relationship== with the ==media==?
A) It helps them to effectively popularize new scientific information.
B) It enables the public to develop a positive attitude toward science.
C) It helps them to establish a more positive public image.
D) It enables them to apply their findings to public health.
难度: 易。
定位段落:
Science journalism is the main channel for the popularization of scientific information among the public. Much has been written about how the ==relationship== between ==scientists== and the ==media== can shape the efficient transmission of scientific advances to the public. Good science journalists are specialists in making complex topics accessible to a general audience, while adhering to scientific accuracy.
解析:
transmission(v. 传播) ==> popularize (v. 推广)
What does the author say is the problem with ==science journalism==?
A) It is keen on transmitting sensational information.
B) It tends to oversimplify people’s health problems.
C) It may give inaccurate or distorted information to the public.
D) It may provide information open to different interpretations.
难度: 易。
定位段落:
Unfortunately, pieces of ==science journalism== can also oversimplify and generalize their subject material to the point that the basic information conveyed is obscured or at worst, obviously wrong. The impact of a basic discovery on human health can be exaggerated so that the public thinks a miraculous cure is a few months to years away when in reality the significance of the study is far more limited.
What should ==scientists== do to impart their latest findings to the public more effectively?
A) Give training to science journalists.
B) Stimulate public interest in science.
C) Seek timely assistance from the media.
D) Improve their ==communication== skills.
难度: 易。
定位段落:
Even though scientists play a part in transmitting information to journalists and ultimately the ==public==, too often the blame for ineffective communication is placed on the side of the journalists. We believe, that at least part of the problem lies in places other than the interaction between scientists and members of the media, and exists because for one thing we underestimate how difficult it is for scientists to ==communicate== ==effectively== with a diversity of audiences, and for another most scientists do not receive formal training in science ==communication==.

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英语六级2018年12月第1套试卷分析